Acta Chemica Malaysia

Journal: Acta Chemica Malaysia (ACMY)
Author: Ige Ayodeji Rapheal, Elinge Cosmos Moki, Aliyu Muhammad, Gwani Mohammed, Lawal Hassan Gusau
ISSN: 2576-6732
e-ISSN: 2576-6724

This is an open access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.2478/acmy-2021-0003

The study depicts the production, optimization and characterization of bio-oil from pyrolyzed rice husk using a fabricated fixed bed reactor. The pyrolysis process was conducted with bio-oil response, bio-char response and non-condensable gases response as products. The effect of pyrolysis variables were observed by the production of the bio-oil as the response. Sixty runs of pyrolysis experiments were suggested by Box Benkhen design indicated optimum pyrolysis conditions at particle size of 2.03mm mesh, reaction time of 81.80 mins and temperature of 650oC for rice husk. The maximum bio-oil yield was obtained with 38.39% at optimum condition of the variables. The bio-oil sample obtained had better performance compared with ASTM standard. Such a determination would contribute so immensely to a significant comprehension of the chemical efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction.

Journal: Acta Chemica Malaysia (ACMY)
Author: Nwabueze I. Elom, Obianuju L. Nwanji, Ikelle I. Ikelle, Jerome S. Nworu, Charity O. Chukwu
ISSN: 2576-6732
e-ISSN: 2576-6724

This is an open access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.2478/acmy-2021-0002

This study examined potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from poultry feeds. The presence of PTEs in the environment raises health concern because these elements can be toxic, ubiquitous and cannot be degraded to non-toxic forms by any known method and as a result remain in the environment for decades. This is a potential pathway through which these PTEs could easily enter the food chain. Six PTEs (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn) were determined from four feed types (starter, grower, finisher and layer) from four manufacturers coded A, B, C and D. The samples were prepared, digested and analysed for PTEs using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean concentrations obtained were in the following ranges: 0.49 – 0.76 mg/kg (Cd); 11.9 – 7.90 mg/kg (Cr); 5.10 – 7.91 mg/kg (Cu); 7.17 – 9.47 mg/kg (Pb); 26.9 – 34.9 mg/kg (Mn); 3.80 – 6.50 mg/kg (Ni) and 27.8 – 38.4 mg/kg (Zn). These results were compared with the maximum acceptable concentration for PTEs in feeds as stipulated by the European Union standard and the concentrations of Pb and Ni exceeded maximum acceptable concentration. When concentrations exceed set standard, it implies risk to human health. Thus, the need for continuous monitoring of feed compositions.

Journal: Acta Chemica Malaysia (ACMY)
Author: Amin Abid, Shafiq Hussain, Ahmad Kaleem Qureshi, Muhammad Jamil, Hajira Rehman, Abdur Rauf
ISSN: 2576-6732
e-ISSN: 2576-6724

This is an open access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.2478/acmy-2021-0001

Polyphosphazenes was synthesized and their self assembly behavior was observed as reported in our previous work [1–5]. A number of experiments were carried out to study the polymerization behavior at various conditions of the polymerization time and temperature. The experimental data were analyzed by graphical and statistical methods and it was found that the polymerization phenomena was controlled by the synthesis time, i.e. M_w = M_oe^ksts, where M_w is molecular weight of the polymer at time t_s, M_o (=203.24) is pre-exponential factor in the model and M_s (=1.0686) is synthesis rate constant for the polymer.