Acta Chemica Malaysia

Journal: Acta Chemica Malaysia (ACMY)
Author: Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf, Mesmire Wilson
ISSN: 2576-6732
e-ISSN: 2576-6724

This is an open access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acmy-2019-0010

Hormonal changes in humans and animals can be attributed to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Studies have found that excessive exposure to natural and artificial environmental chemicals and toxins can have adverse effects on the endocrine system and reproductive health. The endocrine system creates and releases hormones that regulate the development of organs and how they function. Any disruption to hormones affects the development and functioning of the reproductive system, the brain and the neurological system. Research and reports on the subject have been published by international experts and organizations including the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), International Labour Organization (ILO) and Endocrine Society. To fully comprehend the effect of EDCs on humans and wildlife, it is essential to understand epigenetics and its transgenerational effects on hormone development. Here, we extensively explore and review the research on the sources of EDCs, their effects and why exposure to EDCs is of concern, and treatments for EDC exposure.

Journal: Acta Chemica Malaysia (ACMY)
Author: Muhammad Zaheer, Asfand Yar Shahab
ISSN: 2576-6732
e-ISSN: 2576-6724

This is an open access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acmy-2019-0009

The transport through the porous medium leads the contaminant to spread into the other fluid medium. Low-permeability media (LPPM) is most commonly associated with fine-grained sedimentary deposits such as shales and clays. Groundwater flow in these environments appears to affect the development of geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical systems. Low-permeability clay layer interfaces are generally involved at waste disposal sites as the purpose of reducing the risk of groundwater contamination. For clay media have typically a hydraulic conductivity less than 10-7 cms-1 \[1]. Overall, low permeability media might play a significantly important role not only in the groundwater flow process but also for the solute transport process. This short review provides an insight into series of homogeneous medium transport experiments in one-dimensional columns (length 3cm to 10 cm) for transport and the leaching process conducted which NaCl was chosen as a Tracer \[2]. The modeling approaches was used the Advection-Dispersion Equation (ADE), Fractional Advection-Dispersion Equation (FADE), Two-Region Model (TRM), and the Continuous Times Random Walk (CTRW) theory. The effective porosity can be calculated as ne=q/v, in which q is the Darcian velocity, while v is the actual flow velocity. The velocities estimated from ADE during this process were used to calculate the effective porosity. For the leaching process, the velocities estimated from FADE were used as the FADE has a perfect agreement with the experimental data \[2].

Journal: Acta Chemica Malaysia (ACMY)
Author: Mustafa H. Mustafa
ISSN: 2576-6732
e-ISSN: 2576-6724

This is an open access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acmy-2019-0008

Single cell supercapacitors with electrodes of varying amounts of graphene and carbon black, formed via the electrospinning process with a carbon-based Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), were tested in 1M H2SO4. From the tested samples, the overall data indicates no correlation between impedance and capacitance energy values. However, the breakdown of the various samples showed mixed results of; good correlations between lower impedance resulting in higher and lower capacitance; while other samples showed higher impedance correlating to both higher and lower capacitance. No correlation was observed between the Impedance value and the thickness of the samples. Furthermore, carbon mole content was not a major factor in determining impedance; therefore, structure is not a major contributor to impedance. Whereas, carbon mole content is a major contributor to capacitance energy; Hence, impedance provides an alternative control point to increasing energy (2-10X times), that can be retrofitted to existing systems, or to increase the energy storage beyond current levels by adjusting/controlling impedance in new designs. The data is indicating impedance is not constant and is varying. The mechanism of varying impedance is unclear and requires further research. However, it is thought to mimic the energy level and stability of matter (atoms). Therefore, impedance varies or oscillates accordingly to achieve an impedance level stability, and hence the term “Orbital Impedance Stability”. Thoughts into Impedance being an Energy Field, to be provided in next publication (In-sha’-ALLAH). This research is concluding that our conventional understanding of impedance is limited in scope. New approaches and further research is needed to better understand impedance behavior. A better understanding of impedance is essential to a breakthrough in energy storage devices from capacitors and batteries, to electric generation and distribution of energy, to magnetic levitation, medical drugs and other energy improvements.