CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION, IN-VITRO ANTISICKLING ACTIVITY IN HAEMOGLOBIN-SS AND HAEMATOLOGICAL INDICES IN WISTAR RAT FED WITH Hibiscus sabdariffa CALYCES EXTRACT

Journal: Acta Chemica Malaysia (ACMY)
Author: Iyekowa Osaro, Ogbeide Osahon Kennedy,Igbinumwen Osamwonyi, Innih Silvanus Olu,Oyelakin Oladele, Deborah Oluwatoyin Asiriuwa , Gilbert Izuagbe Osigbemhe, Adegbenga David Idowu and Clifford Oyakhilomen Ehisuoria
ISSN: 2576-6732
e-ISSN: 2576-6724

This is an open access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/acmy.01.2025.63.69

A prominent medicinal plant used as condiment and in the traditional treatment and management of diseases like high blood pressure, high blood sugar level and anaemia is the Hibiscus sabdariffa. In this study, experimental research was conducted for the chemical constituents, in vitro antisickling activity in haemoglobin-SS and haematological indices in wistar rat fed with hibiscus sabdariffa calyces extract. Saponins, glycosides, steroids, among others were indicated with the exception of eugenols and tannins. There were no toxic signs/symptoms and mortality even after 72 hours (3 days) of treatment. The in-vitro antisickling studies of the extract given by photomicrographs indicated a decrease in the number of sickle cells from 38.24%, 22.58% down to 9.10% respectively with 100 mg/mL crude extract of H. Sabdariffa at time zero, 45 and 90 minutes. Hibiscetine (Rt. 11.050; 48.29 %), a flavonoid compound was detected as the major component among myrtillin (Rt. 12.166; 13.89 %), an anthocyanin flavonoid. These compounds have indicated physiological properties including antioxidation of cells and anti-inflammation of cells. There was an observed macrocytic morphology of the haemoglobin cells in the entire field examined but no sign of sickling was indicated. This suggest that the extract have antisickling activity.