CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF CHLOROFORM FRACTION OF LAMINARIA SACCHARINA

Journal: Acta Chemica Malaysia (ACMY)
Author: Chinyere Benardette Chinaka Ikpa, Chinomnso U. Ikpa, Gladys C. Ezeh, Samuel Okwudili Onoja
ISSN: 2576-6732
e-ISSN: 2576-6724

This is an open access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.2478/acmy-2021-0011

Laminaria saccharina is an aquatic plant mainly used as dietary fibre in Europe, America and Japan. This study investigated the phytochemical composition and antibacterial properties of the chloroform extract of Laminaria saccharina leaves. The phytochemical composition and antibacterial properties of the leaves were evaluated using standard methods. The chloroform fraction of the leaves extract was used for antibacterial screening. The chloroform fraction was fractionated and the pure compound isolated was characterized using infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometer. The phytochemical result showed the presence of alkaloid 2.5 ± 0.20%, phenol 0.38 ± 0.22%, flavonoids 3.60 ± 0.20%, saponins 1.00 ± 0.20% and tannins 0.05 ± 0.20% w/w. The functional groups present in IR absorption bands, the signals on the NMR and mass of 477 m/z on mass spectrometer confirmed the characterization and elucidation of a glycosaccharide (compound 1) called 12-ethyl-5,8-dihydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl) cyclopentaquinoline-2-one-6-methoxyglucopyronose with calculated mass of 473.514 m/z. The extract inhibited the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis was 1.25 mg/ml and 2.50 mg/ml against Streptococcus pneumonia. The chloroform fraction of L. saccharina inhibited the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organism and could be used in the treatment of bacterial infection as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.